Allow prime-run capture on laptop with external gpu when the iGPU

doesn't have any monitor to capture.
Fix prime-run desktop portal capture broken (fallback to external
texture).
Fallback to external texture in kms capture.

6 files changed, 162 insertions, 80 deletions

diff --git a/TODO b/TODO
index 22747cd..7ecc530 100644
--- a/TODO
+++ b/TODO
@@ -154,4 +154,6 @@ Add the option to specify a path to desktop portal session token, to allow diffe
 
 Explicit sync is done with the drm property IN_FENCE_FD (see https://drmdb.emersion.fr/properties/4008636142/IN_FENCE_FD). Check if this needs to be used on wayland (especially on nvidia) when capturing a monitor directly without desktop portal.
 
-The update fps appear to be lower when recording a monitor instead of using portal on intel. Does this reflect in game framerate?
\ No newline at end of file
+The update fps appear to be lower when recording a monitor instead of using portal on intel. Does this reflect in game framerate?
+
+Recording a monitor belonging to another gpu might be possible by using GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES instead for the texture.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/include/pipewire.h b/include/pipewire.h
index 4a6330d..d4abe42 100644
--- a/include/pipewire.h
+++ b/include/pipewire.h
@@ -43,6 +43,12 @@ typedef struct {
 } gsr_video_format;
 
 typedef struct {
+    unsigned int texture_id;
+    unsigned int external_texture_id;
+    unsigned int cursor_texture_id;
+} gsr_texture_map;
+
+typedef struct {
     gsr_egl *egl;
     int fd;
     uint32_t node;
@@ -85,6 +91,7 @@ typedef struct {
     bool started;
     bool stopped;
     bool no_modifiers_fallback;
+    bool external_texture_fallback;
 
     uint64_t modifiers[GSR_PIPEWIRE_MAX_MODIFIERS];
     size_t num_modifiers;
@@ -98,8 +105,8 @@ typedef struct {
 bool gsr_pipewire_init(gsr_pipewire *self, int pipewire_fd, uint32_t pipewire_node, int fps, bool capture_cursor, gsr_egl *egl);
 void gsr_pipewire_deinit(gsr_pipewire *self);
 
-/* |plane_fds| should be at GSR_PIPEWIRE_DMABUF_MAX_PLANES in size */
-bool gsr_pipewire_map_texture(gsr_pipewire *self, unsigned int texture_id, unsigned int cursor_texture_id, gsr_pipewire_region *region, gsr_pipewire_region *cursor_region, int *plane_fds, int *num_plane_fds);
+/* |plane_fds| should be at least GSR_PIPEWIRE_DMABUF_MAX_PLANES in size */
+bool gsr_pipewire_map_texture(gsr_pipewire *self, gsr_texture_map texture_map, gsr_pipewire_region *region, gsr_pipewire_region *cursor_region, int *plane_fds, int *num_plane_fds, bool *using_external_image);
 bool gsr_pipewire_recording_stopped(gsr_pipewire *self);
 
 #endif /* GSR_PIPEWIRE_H */
diff --git a/src/capture/kms.c b/src/capture/kms.c
index 2a864ee..4e2a24e 100644
--- a/src/capture/kms.c
+++ b/src/capture/kms.c
@@ -37,9 +37,11 @@ typedef struct {
     gsr_monitor_rotation monitor_rotation;
 
     unsigned int input_texture_id;
+    unsigned int external_input_texture_id;
     unsigned int cursor_texture_id;
 
     bool no_modifiers_fallback;
+    bool external_texture_fallback;
 
     struct hdr_output_metadata hdr_metadata;
     bool hdr_metadata_set;
@@ -65,6 +67,11 @@ static void gsr_capture_kms_stop(gsr_capture_kms *self) {
         self->input_texture_id = 0;
     }
 
+    if(self->external_input_texture_id) {
+        self->params.egl->glDeleteTextures(1, &self->external_input_texture_id);
+        self->external_input_texture_id = 0;
+    }
+
     if(self->cursor_texture_id) {
         self->params.egl->glDeleteTextures(1, &self->cursor_texture_id);
         self->cursor_texture_id = 0;
@@ -80,12 +87,20 @@ static int max_int(int a, int b) {
 
 static void gsr_capture_kms_create_input_texture_ids(gsr_capture_kms *self) {
     self->params.egl->glGenTextures(1, &self->input_texture_id);
-    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, self->input_texture_id);
-    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, 0);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, self->input_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
+
+    self->params.egl->glGenTextures(1, &self->external_input_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, self->external_input_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
     const bool cursor_texture_id_is_external = self->params.egl->gpu_info.vendor == GSR_GPU_VENDOR_NVIDIA;
     const int cursor_texture_id_target = cursor_texture_id_is_external ? GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES : GL_TEXTURE_2D;
@@ -253,6 +268,30 @@ static vec2i swap_vec2i(vec2i value) {
     return value;
 }
 
+static EGLImage gsr_capture_kms_create_egl_image(gsr_capture_kms *self, gsr_kms_response_item *drm_fd, const int *fds, const uint32_t *offsets, const uint32_t *pitches, const uint64_t *modifiers, bool use_modifiers) {
+    intptr_t img_attr[44];
+    setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, drm_fd->pixel_format, drm_fd->width, drm_fd->height, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, drm_fd->num_dma_bufs, use_modifiers);
+    while(self->params.egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS){}
+    EGLImage image = self->params.egl->eglCreateImage(self->params.egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
+    if(!image || self->params.egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS) {
+        if(image)
+            self->params.egl->eglDestroyImage(self->params.egl->egl_display, image);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return image;
+}
+
+static bool gsr_capture_kms_bind_image_to_texture(gsr_capture_kms *self, EGLImage image, unsigned int texture_id, bool external_texture) {
+    const int texture_target = external_texture ? GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES : GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+    while(self->params.egl->glGetError() != 0){}
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(texture_target, texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(texture_target, image);
+    const bool success = self->params.egl->glGetError() == 0;
+    self->params.egl->eglDestroyImage(self->params.egl->egl_display, image);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(texture_target, 0);
+    return success;
+}
+
 static int gsr_capture_kms_capture(gsr_capture *cap, AVFrame *frame, gsr_color_conversion *color_conversion) {
     gsr_capture_kms *self = cap->priv;
     const bool cursor_texture_id_is_external = self->params.egl->gpu_info.vendor == GSR_GPU_VENDOR_NVIDIA;
@@ -334,36 +373,26 @@ static int gsr_capture_kms_capture(gsr_capture *cap, AVFrame *frame, gsr_color_c
     }
 
     EGLImage image = NULL;
-    intptr_t img_attr[44];
-
     if(self->no_modifiers_fallback) {
-        setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, drm_fd->pixel_format, drm_fd->width, drm_fd->height, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, drm_fd->num_dma_bufs, false);
-        image = self->params.egl->eglCreateImage(self->params.egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
+        image = gsr_capture_kms_create_egl_image(self, drm_fd, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, false);
     } else {
-        setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, drm_fd->pixel_format, drm_fd->width, drm_fd->height, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, drm_fd->num_dma_bufs, true);
-        while(self->params.egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS){}
-        image = self->params.egl->eglCreateImage(self->params.egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
-        if(!image || self->params.egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS) {
+        image = gsr_capture_kms_create_egl_image(self, drm_fd, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, true);
+        if(!image) {
             fprintf(stderr, "gsr error: gsr_capture_kms_capture: failed to create egl image with modifiers, trying without modifiers\n");
             self->no_modifiers_fallback = true;
-            setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, drm_fd->pixel_format, drm_fd->width, drm_fd->height, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, drm_fd->num_dma_bufs, false);
-            image = self->params.egl->eglCreateImage(self->params.egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
+            image = gsr_capture_kms_create_egl_image(self, drm_fd, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, false);
         }
     }
 
-    while(self->params.egl->glGetError() != 0){}
-    if(self->params.egl->glGetError() != 0)
-        fprintf(stderr, "kms error 1\n");
-    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, self->input_texture_id);
-    if(self->params.egl->glGetError() != 0)
-        fprintf(stderr, "kms error 2\n");
-    self->params.egl->glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, image);
-    if(self->params.egl->glGetError() != 0)
-        fprintf(stderr, "kms error 3\n");
-    self->params.egl->eglDestroyImage(self->params.egl->egl_display, image);
-    if(self->params.egl->glGetError() != 0)
-        fprintf(stderr, "kms error 4\n");
-    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, 0);
+    if(self->external_texture_fallback) {
+        gsr_capture_kms_bind_image_to_texture(self, image, self->external_input_texture_id, true);
+    } else {
+        if(!gsr_capture_kms_bind_image_to_texture(self, image, self->input_texture_id, false)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "gsr error: gsr_pipewire_map_texture: failed to bind image to texture, trying with external texture\n");
+            self->external_texture_fallback = true;
+            gsr_capture_kms_bind_image_to_texture(self, image, self->external_input_texture_id, true);
+        }
+    }
 
     vec2i capture_pos = self->capture_pos;
     if(!capture_is_combined_plane)
@@ -374,10 +403,10 @@ static int gsr_capture_kms_capture(gsr_capture *cap, AVFrame *frame, gsr_color_c
     const int target_x = max_int(0, frame->width / 2 - self->capture_size.x / 2);
     const int target_y = max_int(0, frame->height / 2 - self->capture_size.y / 2);
 
-    gsr_color_conversion_draw(color_conversion, self->input_texture_id,
+    gsr_color_conversion_draw(color_conversion, self->external_texture_fallback ? self->external_input_texture_id : self->input_texture_id,
         (vec2i){target_x, target_y}, self->capture_size,
         capture_pos, self->capture_size,
-        texture_rotation, true);
+        texture_rotation, self->external_texture_fallback);
 
     if(self->params.record_cursor && cursor_drm_fd) {
         const vec2i cursor_size = {cursor_drm_fd->width, cursor_drm_fd->height};
@@ -462,7 +491,7 @@ static gsr_source_color gsr_capture_kms_get_source_color(gsr_capture *cap) {
 }
 
 static bool gsr_capture_kms_uses_external_image(gsr_capture *cap) {
-    gsr_capture_kms *self = cap->priv;
+    (void)cap;
     return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/capture/portal.c b/src/capture/portal.c
index fa6f61f..2e34101 100644
--- a/src/capture/portal.c
+++ b/src/capture/portal.c
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@
 typedef struct {
     gsr_capture_portal_params params;
 
-    unsigned int input_texture_id;
-    unsigned int cursor_texture_id;
+    gsr_texture_map texture_map;
 
     gsr_dbus dbus;
     char *session_handle;
@@ -38,14 +37,19 @@ static void gsr_capture_portal_cleanup_plane_fds(gsr_capture_portal *self) {
 }
 
 static void gsr_capture_portal_stop(gsr_capture_portal *self) {
-    if(self->input_texture_id) {
-        self->params.egl->glDeleteTextures(1, &self->input_texture_id);
-        self->input_texture_id = 0;
+    if(self->texture_map.texture_id) {
+        self->params.egl->glDeleteTextures(1, &self->texture_map.texture_id);
+        self->texture_map.texture_id = 0;
     }
 
-    if(self->cursor_texture_id) {
-        self->params.egl->glDeleteTextures(1, &self->cursor_texture_id);
-        self->cursor_texture_id = 0;
+    if(self->texture_map.external_texture_id) {
+        self->params.egl->glDeleteTextures(1, &self->texture_map.external_texture_id);
+        self->texture_map.external_texture_id = 0;
+    }
+
+    if(self->texture_map.cursor_texture_id) {
+        self->params.egl->glDeleteTextures(1, &self->texture_map.cursor_texture_id);
+        self->texture_map.cursor_texture_id = 0;
     }
 
     gsr_capture_portal_cleanup_plane_fds(self);
@@ -61,16 +65,24 @@ static void gsr_capture_portal_stop(gsr_capture_portal *self) {
 }
 
 static void gsr_capture_portal_create_input_textures(gsr_capture_portal *self) {
-    self->params.egl->glGenTextures(1, &self->input_texture_id);
-    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, self->input_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glGenTextures(1, &self->texture_map.texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, self->texture_map.texture_id);
     self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
     self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
     self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
     self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
     self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
-    self->params.egl->glGenTextures(1, &self->cursor_texture_id);
-    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, self->cursor_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glGenTextures(1, &self->texture_map.external_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, self->texture_map.external_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES, 0);
+
+    self->params.egl->glGenTextures(1, &self->texture_map.cursor_texture_id);
+    self->params.egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, self->texture_map.cursor_texture_id);
     self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
     self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
     self->params.egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
@@ -224,7 +236,8 @@ static bool gsr_capture_portal_get_frame_dimensions(gsr_capture_portal *self) {
 
     const double start_time = clock_get_monotonic_seconds();
     while(clock_get_monotonic_seconds() - start_time < 5.0) {
-        if(gsr_pipewire_map_texture(&self->pipewire, self->input_texture_id, self->cursor_texture_id, &region, &cursor_region, self->plane_fds, &self->num_plane_fds)) {
+        bool uses_external_image = false;
+        if(gsr_pipewire_map_texture(&self->pipewire, self->texture_map, &region, &cursor_region, self->plane_fds, &self->num_plane_fds, &uses_external_image)) {
             gsr_capture_portal_cleanup_plane_fds(self);
             self->capture_size.x = region.width;
             self->capture_size.y = region.height;
@@ -304,7 +317,8 @@ static int gsr_capture_portal_capture(gsr_capture *cap, AVFrame *frame, gsr_colo
     /* TODO: Handle formats other than RGB(a) */
     gsr_pipewire_region region = {0, 0, 0, 0};
     gsr_pipewire_region cursor_region = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-    if(gsr_pipewire_map_texture(&self->pipewire, self->input_texture_id, self->cursor_texture_id, &region, &cursor_region, self->plane_fds, &self->num_plane_fds)) {
+    bool using_external_image = false;
+    if(gsr_pipewire_map_texture(&self->pipewire, self->texture_map, &region, &cursor_region, self->plane_fds, &self->num_plane_fds, &using_external_image)) {
         if(region.width != self->capture_size.x || region.height != self->capture_size.y) {
             gsr_color_conversion_clear(color_conversion);
             self->capture_size.x = region.width;
@@ -315,10 +329,10 @@ static int gsr_capture_portal_capture(gsr_capture *cap, AVFrame *frame, gsr_colo
     const int target_x = max_int(0, frame->width / 2 - self->capture_size.x / 2);
     const int target_y = max_int(0, frame->height / 2 - self->capture_size.y / 2);
 
-    gsr_color_conversion_draw(color_conversion, self->input_texture_id,
+    gsr_color_conversion_draw(color_conversion, using_external_image ? self->texture_map.external_texture_id : self->texture_map.texture_id,
         (vec2i){target_x, target_y}, self->capture_size,
         (vec2i){region.x, region.y}, self->capture_size,
-        0.0f, false);
+        0.0f, using_external_image);
 
     if(self->params.record_cursor) {
         const vec2i cursor_pos = {
@@ -328,7 +342,7 @@ static int gsr_capture_portal_capture(gsr_capture *cap, AVFrame *frame, gsr_colo
 
         self->params.egl->glEnable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
         self->params.egl->glScissor(target_x, target_y, self->capture_size.x, self->capture_size.y);
-        gsr_color_conversion_draw(color_conversion, self->cursor_texture_id,
+        gsr_color_conversion_draw(color_conversion, self->texture_map.cursor_texture_id,
             (vec2i){cursor_pos.x, cursor_pos.y}, (vec2i){cursor_region.width, cursor_region.height},
             (vec2i){0, 0}, (vec2i){cursor_region.width, cursor_region.height},
             0.0f, false);
@@ -359,10 +373,10 @@ static gsr_source_color gsr_capture_portal_get_source_color(gsr_capture *cap) {
     return GSR_SOURCE_COLOR_RGB;
 }
 
-// static bool gsr_capture_portal_uses_external_image(gsr_capture *cap) {
-//     gsr_capture_portal *cap_portal = cap->priv;
-//     return cap_portal->params.egl->gpu_info.vendor == GSR_GPU_VENDOR_NVIDIA;
-// }
+static bool gsr_capture_portal_uses_external_image(gsr_capture *cap) {
+    (void)cap;
+    return true;
+}
 
 static void gsr_capture_portal_destroy(gsr_capture *cap, AVCodecContext *video_codec_context) {
     (void)video_codec_context;
@@ -400,7 +414,7 @@ gsr_capture* gsr_capture_portal_create(const gsr_capture_portal_params *params)
         .capture = gsr_capture_portal_capture,
         .capture_end = gsr_capture_portal_capture_end,
         .get_source_color = gsr_capture_portal_get_source_color,
-        .uses_external_image = NULL,
+        .uses_external_image = gsr_capture_portal_uses_external_image,
         .destroy = gsr_capture_portal_destroy,
         .priv = cap_portal
     };
diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index b4bb46b..8c09c7b 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -1782,8 +1782,8 @@ static void info_command() {
     egl.card_path[0] = '\0';
     if(monitor_capture_use_drm(&egl, wayland)) {
         // TODO: Allow specifying another card, and in other places
-        if(!gsr_get_valid_card_path(&egl, egl.card_path, true)) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "Error: no /dev/dri/cardX device found. Make sure that you have at least one monitor connected or record a single window instead on X11\n");
+        if(!gsr_get_valid_card_path(&egl, egl.card_path, false)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Error: no /dev/dri/cardX device found. Make sure that you have at least one monitor connected\n");
             _exit(23);
         }
     }
@@ -2470,7 +2470,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
         _exit(1);
     }
 
-    const bool is_monitor_capture = strcmp(window_str, "focused") != 0 && contains_non_hex_number(window_str);
+    const bool is_monitor_capture = strcmp(window_str, "focused") != 0 && strcmp(window_str, "portal") != 0 && contains_non_hex_number(window_str);
     gsr_egl egl;
     if(!gsr_egl_load(&egl, dpy, wayland, is_monitor_capture)) {
         fprintf(stderr, "gsr error: failed to load opengl\n");
@@ -2498,7 +2498,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     if(monitor_capture_use_drm(&egl, wayland)) {
         // TODO: Allow specifying another card, and in other places
         if(!gsr_get_valid_card_path(&egl, egl.card_path, is_monitor_capture)) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "Error: no /dev/dri/cardX device found. Make sure that you have at least one monitor connected or record a single window instead on X11\n");
+            fprintf(stderr, "Error: no /dev/dri/cardX device found. Make sure that you have at least one monitor connected or record a single window instead on X11 or record with the -w portal option\n");
             _exit(2);
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/pipewire.c b/src/pipewire.c
index 2e73b92..35f0e45 100644
--- a/src/pipewire.c
+++ b/src/pipewire.c
@@ -620,11 +620,37 @@ void gsr_pipewire_deinit(gsr_pipewire *self) {
     }
 }
 
-bool gsr_pipewire_map_texture(gsr_pipewire *self, unsigned int texture_id, unsigned int cursor_texture_id, gsr_pipewire_region *region, gsr_pipewire_region *cursor_region, int *plane_fds, int *num_plane_fds) {
+static EGLImage gsr_pipewire_create_egl_image(gsr_pipewire *self, const int *fds, const uint32_t *offsets, const uint32_t *pitches, const uint64_t *modifiers, bool use_modifiers) {
+    intptr_t img_attr[44];
+    setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, spa_video_format_to_drm_format(self->format.info.raw.format), self->format.info.raw.size.width, self->format.info.raw.size.height,
+        fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, self->dmabuf_num_planes, use_modifiers);
+    while(self->egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS){}
+    EGLImage image = self->egl->eglCreateImage(self->egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
+    if(!image || self->egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS) {
+        if(image)
+            self->egl->eglDestroyImage(self->egl->egl_display, image);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return image;
+}
+
+static bool gsr_pipewire_bind_image_to_texture(gsr_pipewire *self, EGLImage image, unsigned int texture_id, bool external_texture) {
+    const int texture_target = external_texture ? GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES : GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+    while(self->egl->glGetError() != 0){}
+    self->egl->glBindTexture(texture_target, texture_id);
+    self->egl->glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(texture_target, image);
+    const bool success = self->egl->glGetError() == 0;
+    self->egl->eglDestroyImage(self->egl->egl_display, image);
+    self->egl->glBindTexture(texture_target, 0);
+    return success;
+}
+
+bool gsr_pipewire_map_texture(gsr_pipewire *self, gsr_texture_map texture_map, gsr_pipewire_region *region, gsr_pipewire_region *cursor_region, int *plane_fds, int *num_plane_fds, bool *using_external_image) {
     for(int i = 0; i < GSR_PIPEWIRE_DMABUF_MAX_PLANES; ++i) {
         plane_fds[i] = -1;
     }
     *num_plane_fds = 0;
+    *using_external_image = false;
     pthread_mutex_lock(&self->mutex);
 
     if(!self->negotiated || self->dmabuf_data[0].fd <= 0) {
@@ -644,34 +670,38 @@ bool gsr_pipewire_map_texture(gsr_pipewire *self, unsigned int texture_id, unsig
     }
 
     EGLImage image = NULL;
-    intptr_t img_attr[44];
-
     if(self->no_modifiers_fallback) {
-        setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, spa_video_format_to_drm_format(self->format.info.raw.format), self->format.info.raw.size.width, self->format.info.raw.size.height,
-            fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, self->dmabuf_num_planes, false);
-        image = self->egl->eglCreateImage(self->egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
+        image = gsr_pipewire_create_egl_image(self, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, false);
     } else {
-        setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, spa_video_format_to_drm_format(self->format.info.raw.format), self->format.info.raw.size.width, self->format.info.raw.size.height,
-            fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, self->dmabuf_num_planes, true);
-
-        while(self->egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS){}
-        image = self->egl->eglCreateImage(self->egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
-        if(!image || self->egl->eglGetError() != EGL_SUCCESS) {
+        image = gsr_pipewire_create_egl_image(self, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, true);
+        if(!image) {
             fprintf(stderr, "gsr error: gsr_pipewire_map_texture: failed to create egl image with modifiers, trying without modifiers\n");
             self->no_modifiers_fallback = true;
-            setup_dma_buf_attrs(img_attr, spa_video_format_to_drm_format(self->format.info.raw.format), self->format.info.raw.size.width, self->format.info.raw.size.height,
-                fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, self->dmabuf_num_planes, false);
-            image = self->egl->eglCreateImage(self->egl->egl_display, 0, EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT, NULL, img_attr);
+            image = gsr_pipewire_create_egl_image(self, fds, offsets, pitches, modifiers, false);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(self->external_texture_fallback) {
+        gsr_pipewire_bind_image_to_texture(self, image, texture_map.external_texture_id, true);
+        *using_external_image = true;
+    } else {
+        if(!gsr_pipewire_bind_image_to_texture(self, image, texture_map.texture_id, false)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "gsr error: gsr_pipewire_map_texture: failed to bind image to texture, trying with external texture\n");
+            self->external_texture_fallback = true;
+            gsr_pipewire_bind_image_to_texture(self, image, texture_map.external_texture_id, true);
+            *using_external_image = true;
         }
     }
 
-    self->egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_id);
-    self->egl->glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(GL_TEXTURE_2D, image);
+    const int texture_target = self->external_texture_fallback ? GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES : GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+    while(self->egl->glGetError() != 0){}
+    self->egl->glBindTexture(texture_target, texture_map.texture_id);
+    self->egl->glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(texture_target, image);
     self->egl->eglDestroyImage(self->egl->egl_display, image);
-    self->egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
+    self->egl->glBindTexture(texture_target, 0);
 
     if(self->cursor.data) {
-        self->egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, cursor_texture_id);
+        self->egl->glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_map.cursor_texture_id);
         // TODO: glTextureSubImage2D if same size
         self->egl->glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA8, self->cursor.width, self->cursor.height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, self->cursor.data);
         self->egl->glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);